Hunan Jk International Trade Corporation  

Product Name: Fumaric Acid Hws CAS. No. 110-17-8 Fumaric Acid Cws Model NO.: FCC Stability: Labile Acid Volatility: Volatile Acid Oxidation: Oxidizing Acid Element: Monobasic Acid Packaging: Paper Bag Quality: Food Grade Kind: Inorganic Acid Acid Strength: Weak Acid Grade Standard: Food Appearance: Powder Classification: Boric Acid EINECS: 203-743-0 Formula: C4h4o4 CAS No.: 110-17-8 Package: 25kg/Bag Store: Dry and Cool Place En No.: E297 Trademark: JK Transport Package: 25kg/Bag Specification: Food grade Origin: China HS Code: 291719 Product Description CAS No.: 110-17-8Purity: 99.5Model Number:Acidulant, acidity regulator, acidifierSolid: ParticlesMF: C4H4O4Classification: General ReagentsWhite: OdorlessSpecificationsTrans-butenedioic acid has bacteriostatic and antiseptic function. It can be used as acidulant, acidity regulator, acidifier, Trans-Butenedioic AcidUsage: Trans-butenedioic acid has bacteriostatic and antiseptic function. It can be used as acidulant, acidity regulator, acidifier, thermal-oxidative resist auxiliary, curing accelerant and spice. Widly used in producing various carbonic acid drink, wine, concentrated solid drink, ice cream and other cold foods and drink. It can replace malic acid, citric acid, for its acidity degree is 1.5 times of that of citric acid. Fumaric acid can be used as pharmaceutical intermediate and optical bleaching agent, also used in manufacturing unsaturated polyester resin.(Fumaric Acid)Specification: Trans-butenedioic acid has bacteriostatic and antiseptic function. It can be used as acidulant, acidity regulator, acidifier.Properties: White odorless powder or, with speical sourness that is as strong as 1.5 times of citric acid. It is soluble in ethanol (5.76g/100g, 30° C), slightly soluble in water (0.63G/100ml, 25° C) and in ether, and very slightly soluble in chloroform. It has no hygroscopicity, and will sublime at 200° C. Boiling point: 290° C(decompose). It will turn to maleic anhydride at 230° C, and will generate DL-malic acid if boiled with water.Chemical name: Trans-butenedioic acidMolecular formula: C4H4O4Molecular weight: 116.07CAS No.: 110-17-8APPEARANCEWHITE CRYSTAL POWDERCONTENT99.5 %-100.5%MELTING POINT294-300ARSENIC mg/kg≤3HEAVEY metaL(AS Pb)≤10ppmMALEIC ACID %≤0.10%RESIDUE ON IGNTION≤0.10%MOISTURE≤0.5%Fumaric acid Basic informationProduct Name:Fumaric acidSynonyms:Butenedioic acid, (E)-;femanumber:2488;fumaric;Kyselina fumarova;kyselinafumarova;kyselinafumarova(czech);NSC-2752;trans-1,2-ethenedicarboxylicacidCAS:110-17-8MF:C4H4O4MW:116.07EINECS:203-743-0Product Categories:INORGANIC &ORGANIC CHEMICALS;FOOD ADDITIVES;Organic Building Blocks;Allium cepa (Onion);Nutrition Research;Panax ginseng;TCI-;Phytochemicals by Plant (Food/Spice/Herb);reagent;standard substance;Food additive and acidulant;CONSTRUCTION;Intermediates;Food &Feed ADDITIVES;Substrates;C1 to C5;Carbonyl Compounds;Carboxylic Acids;Alphabetical Listings;E-F;Flavors and Fragrances;Companion Products and ReagentsCancer Research;Chemopreventive Agents;Insect Platform;Multidrug Resistance;Phase II Enzyme Inducers;Phase II Enzyme InducersCancer Research;Serum-free Media;Food &Flavor Additives;Aliphatics;Building Blocks;C1 to C5;Carbonyl Compounds;Carboxylic Acids;Chemical SynthesisMol File:110-17-8.molFumaric acid Chemical PropertiesMelting point298-300 °C (subl.)(lit.)Boiling point137.07°C (rough estimate)density1.62vapor pressure1.7 mm Hg (165 °C)FEMA2488 |FUMARIC ACIDrefractive index1.5260 (estimate)Fp230 °Cstorage temp.Store below +30°C.solubility95% ethanol: soluble0.46g/10 mL, clear, colorlessformFine Crystalline Powderpka3.02, 4.38(at 25ºC)colorWhitePH2.1 (4.9g/l, H2O, 20ºC)explosive limit40%Water Solubility0.63 g/100 mL (25 ºC)JECFA Number618Merck14,4287BRN605763Stability:Stable at room temperature. Decomposes at around 230 C. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, bases, reducing agents. Combustible.InChIKeyVZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-NCAS Database Reference110-17-8(CAS Database Reference)NIST Chemistry ReferenceFumaric acid(110-17-8)EPA Substance Registry SystemFumaric acid (110-17-8)Safety InformationHazard CodesXiRisk Statements36Safety Statements26RIDADRUN 9126WGK Germany1RTECSLS9625000Autoignition Temperature375 °CTSCAYesHS Code29171900Hazardous Substances Data110-17-8(Hazardous Substances Data)ToxicityLD50 orally in Rabbit: 9300 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit 20000 mg/kgMSDS InformationProviderLanguageSigmaAldrichEnglishACROSEnglishALFAEnglishFumaric acid Usage And SynthesisDescriptionFumaric acid is an important kind of organic chemical raw materials as well as the intermediate of fine chemical products. Meanwhile, it is also an important kind of derivatives of maleic anhydride, being widely used in food, coatings, resins and plasticizers. In the food industry, fumaric acid, used as souring agent, can be applied to soft drinks, western-style wine, cold drinks, fruit juice concentrate, canned fruit, pickles and ice cream. As an acidic substance used as solid beverage gas production agent, it has excellent bubble durability with delicate product organization.Fumaric acid has been used as afood acidulant since 1946. As afood additive, it is used as an acidity regulator and can be denoted by the Enumber E297. Chemically it is an unsaturated dicarbonic acid and is part of the citric acid cycle.Fumaric acid is acommon food additive included in many processed foods to keep them stable and to add tartness. The substance has amore sour flavor than citric acid, another common food additive. Fumaric acid occurs naturally in fumitory, bolete mushrooms, lichen and Iceland moss. As an additive, fumaric acid is produced synthetically, mainly from malic acid from apples. Fumaric acid as an additive is regulated under the Codex Alimentarius General Standard for Food Additives (GSFA), acollection of internationally recognized standards.The U.S. Food and Drug Administration considers it safe.Chemical PropertiesFumaric acid is naturally presented in Corydalis, mushrooms and fresh beef. Product precipitated from the water is monoclinic needle-like, prismatic or leaf-like white crystalline or crystalline powder. It is odorless with aspecial and strong sour, which is about 1.5 times that of the citric acid. It has amelting point 287 °C, the boiling point of 290 °C with subjecting to sublimation at temperature above 200 °C. When being heated to 230 °C, it will lose water and become maleic anhydride. Its co-boiling with water can produce DL-malic acid. It is soluble in ethanol, slightly soluble in water and ether, but insoluble in chloroform. The pH value of the 3% aqueous solution is 2.0 to 2.5 with astrong buffering performance, in order to maintain the pH of the aqueous solution at around 3.0. This product is non-toxic; rat-oral LD50: 8000mg/kg.Chemical PropertiesFumaric acid is acolorless to white, odorless crystalline powder. Fruity-acidic taste.Chemical PropertiesFumaric acid occurs as white, odorless or nearly odorless, granules or as acrystalline powder that is virtually nonhygroscopic.Chemical PropertiesWhite, odorless granules or crystalline powder. It is soluble in alcohol, slightly soluble in water and in ether, and very slightly soluble in chloroform.Fumaric acid is used as areplacement for tartaric acid. It has an odorless, tart, acidic-sour flavor. It may be synthesized by the action of certain fungi (Rhizopus nigricans) on glucose; by oxidation of furfural with sodium chlorate in the presence of vanadium pentoxide.Chemical PropertiesFumaric acid is odorless with atart, acidic-sour favor Fumaric acid is used as areplacement of tartaric acid.OccurrenceReported found in several plants, Fumaria offcinalis L, Boletus scaber Boll and lean raw fshUsesfumaric acid is used to add fragrance to products and to decrease product pH. It can also help keep the pH stable. It is generally used in cleansers. Fumaric acid is naturally occurring in plants, such as lichen and Iceland moss, and in animals. For example, the skin produces fumaric acid when exposed to light. It can also Fbe synthetically manufactured.UsesFumaric Acid is an acidulant that is anonhygroscopic, strong acid of poor solubility. it has asolubility of 0.63 gin 100 ml of distilled water at 25°c. it dissolves slowly in cold water, but if mixed with dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate its solubility improves. the solubility rate also increases with smaller particle size. aquantity of 0.317 kg of can replace 0.453 kg of citric acid. it is used in dry mixes such as desserts, pie fillings, and candy. it is used in dry bever- age mixes because it is storage stable, free flowing, and nonhygro- scopic. it functions as asynergistic antioxidant with bha and bht in oiland lard-base products. in gelatin desserts, it improves the flavor stability and increases shelf life and gel strength.Uses1. Fumaric acid is used for the production of unsaturated polyester resin. This kind of resin is characterized by excellent resistance to chemical corrosion as well as heat resistance; the copolymer of fumaric acid and vinyl acetate is akind of excellent adhesive. Its copolymer with styrene copolymer is the raw material for the manufacture of glass fiber. The plasticizer of the fumaric acid is non-toxic and can be applied to the vinyl acetate latex contact with food. This product is the intermediate of pharmaceutical and optical bleaching agents and other fine chemicals. Neutralization of fumaric acid with sodium carbonate can generate sodium fumarate ([17013-01-3]), and then replaced with ferrous sulfate to get iron fumarate, being the drug Fersamal used for the treatment of small red blood cell anemic. The product, as afood additive-sourness agent, used in soft drinks, fruit sugar, jelly, ice cream with most of them used in combination with sourness agent, citric acid. The monosidum salt made from the reaction between fumaric acid and sodium hydroxide can also used as sour seasoning, also used as the intermediate of synthetic resin and mordant.2. Fumaric acid is included in many dairy-based products. These include dairy drinks such as chocolate milk, cocoa, eggnog, condensed milk and whey protein beverages. It also may be added to clotted cream, milk and cream powders and milk and cream analogues (substitutes). Fumaric acid is added to cheese products, including processed cheese and cheese substitutes. Dairy-based desserts, such as pudding, flavored yogurt, sherbet and sorbet may include fumaric acid as well. Dairy fat spreads and blended spreads can include fumaric acid, and so can preserved eggs and egg-based desserts such as custard.3. Some processed and packaged foods have fumaric acid added to them to help stabilize them and enhance their flavor. For example, many processed meats, such as bacon and canned meats, have added fumaric acid. Frozen seafood, smoked meats and the edible casings around sausages might also have fumaric acid added to them. Fermented, canned, dried and processed fruits and vegetables can contain the food additive as well. Rice cakes and other precooked rice foods, dried or preserved eggs, mustard, vinegar, cider, wine and other alcoholic beverages are additional examples of foods that might contain fumaric acid.UsesOccurs in many plants. Essential to vegetable and tissue respiration. Used as an antioxidant.DefinitionChEBI: Abutenedioic acid in which the C2C double bond has Egeometry. It is an intermediate metabolite in the citric acid cycle.PreparationBy the action of certain fungi (Rhizopus nigricans) on glucose; by oxidation of furfural with sodium chlorate in the pres- ence of vanadium pentoxide.DefinitionEither of two isomers. Transbutenedioic acid (fumaric acid) is acrystalline compound found in certain plants. Cisbutenedioic acid (maleic acid) is used in the manufacture of synthetic resins. It can be converted into the trans isomer by heating at 120°C.Definitionbutenedioic acid: Either oftwo isomers with the formulaHCOOHC:CHCOOH. Both compoundscan be regarded as derivativesof ethene in which ahydrogenatom on each carbon has been replacedby a-COOH group. The compoundsshow cis-trans isomerism.The trans form is fumaric acid (r.d.1.64; sublimes at 165°C) and the cisform is maleic acid (r.d. 1.59; m.p.139-140°C). Both are colourless crystallinecompounds used in makingsynthetic resins. The cis form israther less stable than the trans formand converts to the trans form at120°C. Unlike the trans form it caneliminate water on heating to form acyclic anhydride containing a-CO.O.CO- group (maleic anhydride).Fumaric acid is an intermediate inthe Krebs cycle.Production MethodsCommercially, fumaric acid may be prepared from glucose by the action of fungi such as Rhizopus nigricans, as aby-product in the manufacture of maleic and phthalic anhydrides, and by the isomerization of maleic acid using heat or acatalyst.On the laboratory scale, fumaric acid can be prepared by the oxidation of furfural with sodium chlorate in the presence of vanadium pentoxide.Biotechnological ProductionCurrently, fumaric acid is mainly manufactured by chemical synthesis via the precursor maleic acid, which is produced using either benzene or n-butane via catalytic oxidation. However, there are enzymatic and fermentative production routes for fumaric acid. Prior to the advent of inexpensive petroleumbased chemistry, fumaric acid was produced commercially by fermentation using organisms of the genus Rhizopus with an annual production of 4,000 metric tons .Product concentrations from 30 to 130 g.L-1 with yields from 0.3 to 1.0 gof fumaric acid per gram of glucose and productivities of 0.46-2.0 g.L-1.h-1 have been reported growing on glucose .In recent years, new approaches using metabolic engineering have been studied. For example, fumaric acid concentrations of 28.2 g.L-1 with aproductivity of 0.448 g.L-1.h-1 have been reached in fed-batch cultivation of agenetic modified E. coli .To achieve this result, eight modifications have been implemented.Fumaric acid could be alternatively synthesized by an enzymatic process starting from maleic acid as in the chemical synthesis. By whole-cell biocatalysis of the Pseudomonas alcaligenes strain XD-1, ayield of 0.698 gof fumaric acid per gram of maleic acid and aproduction rate of 6.98 g.L-1.h-1 have been reached .The process has been optimized. The formation of the byproduct malic acid was avoided due to an inactivation of fumarase by aheat treatment of the cells beforehand. Finally, ayield of 0.95 gfumaric acid per gram maleic acid and aproduction rate of 14.25 g.L-1.h-1 have been observed.General DescriptionA colorless crystalline solid. The primary hazard is the threat to the environment. Immediate steps should be taken to limit spread to the environment. Combustible, though may be difficult to ignite. Used to make paints and plastics, in food processing and preservation, and for other uses.Air &Water ReactionsSlightly soluble in water.Reactivity ProfileFumaric acid is acarboxylic acid. Carboxylic acids donate hydrogen ions if abase is present to accept them. They react in this way with all bases, both organic (for example, the amines) and inorganic. Their reactions with bases, called "neutralizations", are accompanied by the evolution of substantial amounts of heat. Neutralization between an acid and abase produces water plus asalt. Carboxylic acids with six or fewer carbon atoms are freely or moderately soluble in water; those with more than six carbons are slightly soluble in water. Soluble carboxylic acid dissociate to an extent in water to yield hydrogen ions. The pH of solutions of carboxylic acids is therefore less than 7.0. Many insoluble carboxylic acids react rapidly with aqueous solutions containing achemical base and dissolve as the neutralization generates asoluble salt. Carboxylic acids in aqueous solution and liquid or molten carboxylic acids can react with active metals to form gaseous hydrogen and ametal salt. Such reactions occur in principle for solid carboxylic acids as well, but are slow if the solid acid remains dry. Even "insoluble" carboxylic acids may absorb enough water from the air and dissolve sufficiently in Fumaric acid to corrode or dissolve iron, steel, and aluminum parts and containers. Carboxylic acids, like other acids, react with cyanide salts to generate gaseous hydrogen cyanide. The reaction is slower for dry, solid carboxylic acids. Insoluble carboxylic acids react with solutions of cyanides to cause the release of gaseous hydrogen cyanide. Flammable and/or toxic gases and heat are generated by the reaction of carboxylic acids with diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, and sulfides. Carboxylic acids, especially in aqueous solution, also react with sulfites, nitrites, thiosulfates (to give H2S and SO3), dithionites (SO2), to generate flammable and/or toxic gases and heat. Their reaction with carbonates and bicarbonates generates aharmless gas (carbon dioxide) but still heat. Like other organic compounds, carboxylic acids can be oxidized by strong oxidizing agents and reduced by strong reducing agents. These reactions generate heat. Awide variety of products is possible. Like other acids, carboxylic acids may initiate polymerization reactions; like other acids, they often catalyze (increase the rate of) chemical reactions. Partial carbonization and formation of maleic anhydride occur at 446° F(open vessel).Health HazardInhalation of dust may cause respiratory irritation. Compound is non-toxic when ingested. Prolonged contact with eyes or skin may cause irritation.Pharmaceutical ApplicationsFumaric acid is used primarily in liquid pharmaceutical preparations as an acidulant and flavoring agent. Fumaric acid may be included as the acid part of effervescent tablet formulations, although this use is limited as the compound has an extremely low solubility in water. It is also used as achelating agent which exhibits synergism when used in combination with other true antioxidants.In the design of novel pelletized formulations manufactured by extrusion-spheronization, fumaric acid was used to aid spheronization, favoring the production of fine pellets. It has also been investigated as an alternative filler to lactose in pellets.Fumaric acid has been investigated as alubricant for effervescent tablets, and copolymers of fumaric acid and sebacic acid have been investigated as bioadhesive microspheres.It has been used in film-coated pellet formulations as an acidifying agent and also to increase drug solubility.Fumaric acid is also used as afood additive at concentrations up to 3600 ppm, and as atherapeutic agent in the treatment of psoriasis and other skin disorders.Safety ProfilePoison by intraperitoneal route. Mildly toxic by ingestion and skin contact. Askin and eye irritant. Mutation data reported. Combustible when exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with oxidizing materials. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.SafetyFumaric acid is used in oral pharmaceutical formulations and food products, and is generally regarded as arelatively nontoxic and nonirritant material. However, acute renal failure and other adverse reactions have occurred following the topical and systemic therapeutic use of fumaric acid and fumaric acid derivatives in the treatment of psoriasis or other skin disorders. Other adverse effects of oral therapy have included disturbances of liver function, gastrointestinal effects, and flushing.The WHO has stated that the establishment of an estimated acceptable daily intake of fumaric acid or its salts was unnecessary since it is anormal constituent of body tissues.LD50 (mouse, IP): 0.1 g/kgLD50 (rat, oral): 9.3 g/kgPotential ExposureFumaric acid is used in production of resins, polyesters, plasticizers, and alkyl surface coatings; as afood additive; as an antioxidant in resins; to make dyes.CarcinogenicityNo evidence of carcinogenicity was found in several chronic studies with rats in which fumaric acid was added to the diet at concentrations up to 1.5%. As for dermal application, Swiss mice were treated topically twice weekly with a1% solution in acetone (volume not specified). Moderate focal hyperplasia was found in the treated group, but no tumors developed.The inhibitory effect of fumaric acid on hepatocarcinogenesis was examined in male IBR mice fed 0.035% thioacetamide in the diet for 40 weeks and then fed abasal diet for 48 weeks. The inhibitory effect of 1% fumaric acid in the basal diet on thioacetamide carcinogenesis was so marked that no hepatic carcinomas were found in any of the 15 animals fed fumaric acid in combination with thioacetamide .Similar inhibitory effects of fumaric acid on forestomach and lung carcinogenesis in mice (that resulted from exposure to potassium naphthyridine-3-carboxylate) have been identified.storageFumaric acid is stable although it is subject to degradation by both aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms. When heated in sealed vessels with water at 150-170°C it forms DL-malic acid.The bulk material should be stored in awell-closed container in acool, dry place.Purification MethodsCrystallise it from hot MHCl or water and dry it at 100o. [Beilstein 2IV 2202.]IncompatibilitiesDust cloud from powder or granular form mixed with air can explode. Incompatible with oxidi zers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlo rates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides, sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxi des; epichlorohydrin. Decomposes above 350ºC forming toxic fumes of maleic anhydride.IncompatibilitiesFumaric acid undergoes reactions typical of an organic acid.Waste DisposalUse alicensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material. Dissolve or mix the material with acombustible solvent and burn in achemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. All federal, state, and local environmental regula tions must be observed.Regulatory StatusGRAS listed. Accepted for use as afood additive in Europe. Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (oral capsules, suspensions, syrups, extended release and sustained action chewable tablets). Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Nonmedicinal Ingredients.Fumaric acid Preparation Products And Raw materialsPreparation ProductsL-Alanine-->L-Aspartic acid -->Succinic acid-->D-Tartaric acid-->Dimethyl fumarate-->1-Boc-4-(4-methoxycarbonylphenyl)piperazine-->4-[4-(tert-Butoxycarbonyl)piperazino]benzoic acid-->SEMOTIADIL-->Fumaryl chloride-->6-Methylcoumarin-->DL-Malic acid-->FUMARONITRILE-->Ferrous fumarate-->BROMOSUCCINIC ACID-->Disodium fumarate-->NEBRACETAM-->Diethyl fumarate -->Benzylfumarate